Madrid

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Chronology Madrid

The Islamic and Christian influences intertwined to mould the city we now know as Madrid and one of the most unique European capitals. The ancient buildings will tell you the stories of Arab invasions, ruling dynasties, Franco's regime and much more.


Early history
9th Century Mehmed I orders the construction of a small palace at the site of the present-day Palacio Real.
1085 Alfonso VI of Castile conquers the citadel situated near the river Majrit, which later gave the name to the city. He turns the mosque into the church of the Virgin of Almudena.
1110 In the process of freeing from the centuries-long Islamic rule, Madrit is largely demolished. Alfonso VI moves the border of la Corona de Castilla to Toledo.
1118 The first code of laws is dictated in Madrid - the same that is executed in Toledo.
1202 Alfonso III dictates a charter on the evolution of the urban society.
14-17th Century
1329 The Corte Generales assemble in the city for the first time to advise Ferdinand IV of Castile.
1383 Leon VI of Armenia receives the title of Lord Madrid.
1391 After a fire, Henry III of Castile rebuilds the city and establishes himself in El Prado - outside the city walls.
1561 Philip II moves the court from Toledo to Madrid, thus moving the capital to Madrid as well.
1601-1606 For a brief period Felipe III moves the court to Valladolid
18-19th Century
1716-1788 The reigning Carlos III turns Madrid into a modern city.
1833 Isabel II inherits the throne and reigns among revolts, political uprisings and confrontations until 1870. This period is also marked by the transformation of the city.
1748-1819 The people of Madrid revolt under the reign of Carlos IV.
May 1808 Napoleon's troops enter the city.
May 2,1808 The Madrilenos revolt against the French army. Their reaction has a great impact on the French rule in Spain and France's image in Europe.
1814 The War of Independence breaks out. Fernando VII returns to the throne, but remains in power for only six years.
1830-1904 Under the reign of Isabel II, the political tension leads to a revolt. Consequently, years later, the Spanish Civil War breaks out.
1875 With the proclamation of Alfonso XII as the king there is finally some stability provided in the kingdom.
20-21st Century
1936 A military uprising in Madrid is put down by workers' militias and loyal police units.
1936-1939 1936-1939
March 29, 1939 Madrid is taken over by the Nationalists.
May 26, 1973 The President of the Government Luis Carrero Blanco is assassinated on Claudio Coello Street. This brings about the restoration of the monarchy in 1979 with Juan Carlos I as king.
April 19, 1979 The first City Government voted by the citizens is constituted.
1992 Madrid becomes the Cultural Capital of Europe.
March 11, 2004 Madrid falls victim to a terrorist attack. Bombs planted on several different trains during the rush hours killed 191 people.