Macedonia boasts many historical sites throughout the country, such as those at Stobi, Gradsko, Bitola, Ohrid and Skopje. In Vinicko Kale, near Vinica, ancient terracotta icons have been discovered, and one of the best known mosaics of antiquity includes the Basilica Mosaic in Ohrid. Macedonia is home to many remains dating from Roman times.

Many well-known Macedonian architects and fresco painters have worked for years on restoring numerous churches throughout the country, as in the city of Ohrid with more than 30 churches. Lake Ohrid and the city of Ohrid are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The cultural monuments and churches which were erected in the 11th and 12th Centuries display unique architecture, as well as valuable icons and frescos created by Macedonian masters. The Church of St Sofia in Ohrid is one of the most famous historical monuments, built in the 10th and 11th Centuries, with many frescos from the 11th and 14th Centuries. Many monuments of the Islamic culture from the Ottoman Empire era have been preserved, such as the Painted Mosque in Tetovo, bazaars, mosques and baths. In the 14th Century, the Macedonian capital Skopje was a significant trading centre. After the liberation of Macedonia, many monuments were erected in such cities as Prilep, Veles, Stip and Kumanova, including the one memorialising the 1903 Ilinden Uprising in Krusevo.