The construction of the grandiose amphitheatre was launched under Emperor Vespasian in 72 AD, and was finished under Titus in 80 AD. The theater was known as the Flavian Amphitheatre after the family name of the two emperors – Flavius. The most popular version of the name Colosseum refers to the 'colossal' statue of Nero near the building site of the amphitheatre. It has been modified to Coliseum, as well as similar versions in the other European languages throughout the centuries.

The Coliseum was built as a huge elliptical amphitheatre, and it became most famous for the gladiator games that were held there. Besides the glorious spectacles of men killing and dying in front of the eyes of the emperor, aristocracy and the people of Rome, the amphitheatre was also used for other forms of entertainment. Famous historical battles were reenacted, dramas were performed (most often based on mythology) as well as other spectacles. It was also used as place for executions, and was considered to be one of the most spectacular sites in the empire. The last gladiator games were held in the 6th Century. Later on, the gigantesque amphitheatre changed its use – it served for, among others, housing purposes, religious goals and as a Christian shrine.

Today, the colossal theatre, which was capable of hosting about 50,000 spectators, has been partially restored to its original vocation, however, in a more peaceful and artistic manner. Due to earthquakes and other factors, the Coliseum is in a ruined condition today and, therefore, cannot be used for big shows with many spectators. Small performances held at the Coliseum can only host up to several hundred visitors. Still, the symbol of Rome has kept its function and is used as a background for grandiose concerts and shows. Some of the most famous artists who have performed here for in few last years are Paul McCartney, Elton John and Ray Charles.

The Coliseum is not just a site or a historic memory - it is an emblem. Today, its image is boasted on the five-cent coin of the Euro. In the summer of 2007, the Coliseum was officially announced as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World, voted by the New Open World Corporation. It is one of the most impressive examples of architecture in all of the world’s civilisation. Colossal and majestic, it reminds us today of the frightening past and the glorious memories of barbarian traditions and the solid steps of civilisation.